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:''For others with similar names, see Marcia (gens) and Censorinus (disambiguation).'' Marcius Censorinus was a name used by a branch of the plebeian ''gens Marcia'' of ancient Rome. The ''cognomen'' Censorinus was acquired through Gaius Marcius Rutilus, the first plebeian censor, whose son used it. The ''gens Marcia'' claimed descent from both Ancus Marcius, a king of Rome, and symbolically from Marsyas the satyr, who was associated with free speech and political liberty; see further discussion at Prophecy and free speech at Rome. The Marcii Censorini were consistent ''populares'', supporting Marius, Cinna, Julius Caesar, and Antonius. ==Marcii Censorini== * Lucius Marcius Censorinus was curule aedile in 160 BC, praetor by 152, consul in 149, and censor in 147. He was the son of a Gaius Marcius Censorinus. * Gnaeus Marcius Censorinus was a tribune of the ''plebs'' in 122 BC. * Gaius Marcius Censorinus was a moneyer (''monetalis'') ''ca.'' 88 BC. In 87, as a military tribune or prefect, he commanded the cavalry that attacked and killed the consul Gnaeus Octavius, then brought his head to Cinna; the historian Appian remarks〔Appian, ''Bellum Civile'' 1.71.〕 that this was the first time a consul's head was displayed on the Rostra, but unfortunately not the last. In 82, near the end of the civil war between Sulla and the Marian-Cinnan faction, Carbo sent Censorinus with eight legions to the aid of the besieged Praeneste, but he was ambushed by Pompeius near Sena Gallica. After Carbo fled to Africa, Censorinus was among the officers who made a last-ditch effort to break Sulla's line that culminated in defeat at the Battle of the Colline Gate.〔Robin Seager, "Sulla," in ''The Cambridge Ancient History'' (Cambridge University Press, 1994), vol. 9, pp. 178 (online ) and 193; Patrick McGushin, ''Sallust: The Histories'' (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992), vol. 1, p. 101 (online. )〕 * Lucius Marcius Censorinus〔The ''praenomen'' is indicated by the coin, but not the ''gentilicum'', which is given for the Censorinus who was an officer and is considered the same man.〕 was a moneyer ''ca.'' 82 BC, and an officer, perhaps prefect of the fleet, in 70; see also Denarius of L. Censorinus ''(pictured above)''. * Censorinus, a friend of Publius Crassus who died with him fighting at Carrhae, was almost certainly a Marcius. * Lucius Marcius Censorinus, whose father had the same name, was praetor in 43 BC and a partisan of Marcus Antonius. He was proconsul of the provinces of Macedonia and Achaea 42–40 BC. In 39 BC he was consul with Calvisius Sabinus, and one of the ''quindecimviri sacris faciundis'' in 17 BC. * Gaius Marcius Censorinus was consul in 8 BC. He was proconsul of the province of Asia ''ca.'' 3 BC, and was honored as patron and benefactor by the people of Miletus.〔Claude Eilers, ''Roman Patrons of Greek Cities'' (Oxford University Press, 2002), p. 236 (online. )〕 He died in his province in A.D. 2.〔Josephus, ''Antiquitates Judaicae'' 16.165; Velleius Paterculus 2.101; Ronald Syme, "C. Marcius Censorinus in the East," in ''Anatolica'' (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1995), pp. 302–307, limited preview (online. )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Marcius Censorinus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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